The US has charged five Chinese army officers with hacking into private-sector American companies in a bid for competitive
advantage, in the first cyber-espionage case of its kind.
Attorney General Eric Holder said the alleged breaches were "significant" and demanded "an aggressive response".
US prosecutors say the officers stole trade secrets and internal documents from five companies and a labour union.
China denied the charges and warned the case would harm US-China relations.
Potentially more victims
In Washington on Monday, Mr Holder said a
grand jury had laid hacking charges against the Chinese nationals, the
first against "known state actors for infiltrating US commercial targets
by cyber means".
He identified the alleged victims as Westinghouse Electric,
US Steel, Alcoa Inc, Allegheny Technologies, SolarWorld and the US
Steelworkers Union."The alleged hacking appears to have been conducted for no reason other than to advantage state-owned companies and other interests in China, at the expense of businesses here in the United States," Mr Holder said.
He said the US government rejected economic espionage as a trade tactic.
"As President Obama has said on numerous occasions, we do not collect intelligence to provide a competitive advantage to US companies, or US commercial sectors," Mr Holder said.
In response to the charges, the Chinese government said its "stance on the issue of internet security is consistent and clear".
Foreign ministry spokesman Qin Gang said the
allegations were "made up" and would "damage Sino-American co-operation
and mutual trust".
"China is a staunch defender of network security, and the
Chinese government, military and associated personnel have never engaged
in online theft of trade secrets," he said.In an indictment in the western district of Pennsylvania, the heart of the US steel industry, the US named Wang Dong, Sun Kailiang, Wen Xinyu, Huang Zhenyu, and Gu Chunhui, all officers in Unit 61398 of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), as the alleged conspirators.
FBI officials said the hacking in the years 2006-14 caused "significant losses" at the companies and that there were likely many more victims.
John Carlin, head of the justice department's national security division, said, "While the men and women of our American businesses spent their business days innovating, creating, and developing strategies to compete in the global marketplace, these members of unit 61398 spent their business days in Shanghai stealing the fruits of our labour."
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